Ethics by Linda Pasten

Nintendos Disruptive Strategy free essay sample

With the introduction of their Wii console, they successfully disrupted the dominance of their rivals. However, competitors Sony and Microsoft are quickly gaining on Nintendo’s competitive advantage, forcing the company to monitor and reevaluate its strategies. To maintain a competitive advantage, Nintendo must look toward influencing customers of Sony and Microsoft, continue with developing innovative technologies, and also consider the impact of tablets and smartphones on the gaming industry. History of Nintendo In 1889, Nintendo Co. Ltd began its long history as a Japanese manufacturer of playing cards. The company went public in 1963, and by the 1970s Nintendo had begun directing its focus toward electronic toys and video games. Nintendo became a leader in the video game industry in the ‘80s with its home video game consoles and popular game titles. Competitors began to emerge in the ‘90s; the release of Sony’s Playstation platform broadened the video game market, and the rising popularity and improvement of PC technology led to the use of PCs as gaming platforms. We will write a custom essay sample on Nintendos Disruptive Strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page While capitalising on the popularity of PC gaming, Microsoft developed and released its Xbox game console in 2001. While the competition focused on technological advancements to make improvements to existing game console, Nintendo developed its newest console with an ambitious design which uniquely competing in the market – The Wii family. The release of Wii in 2006 propelled Nintendo back to the top of the gaming industry thus secured its competitive advantage. However, since the release of Wii, Sony and Microsoft have been trying to play catch up with Nintendo with both companies releasing their own version of Nintendo’s wireless remote controllers called Playstation’s Move and Xbox Kinect respectively. At that point, they were trying to recoup the casual gamer market that was pioneered by Nintendo by publishing similar simpler games like Brunswick Pro Bowling for Sony’s Playstation or Kinect Sports for Microsoft’s Xbox (The Guardian, 2010). Nintendo’s Recent Products – 2008 to 2013 2008| Nintendo launched its viral fitness video game â€Å"Wii Fit† in the US with its unique peripheral platform Wii Balance Board. In the same year, Nintendo also introduced its successor of DS Lite, Nintendo DSi, a revised handheld console with two cameras and wireless access to its Nintendo DSi shop. 2009| Nintendo DSi XL debuted which features larger screens, and a greater overall size than the original DSi. | 2011| Nintendo launched a new handheld console, the Nintendo 3DS, which allows users to view 3D content without the use of special glasses. | 2012| The highly anticipated successor of the Wii, Wii U is released in the US market. | Table 1 : Nintendo’s Recent Products (Nintendo, 2013) The Wii U, the first entry in the eight generation of video games console, is the first Nintendo console to support high definition graphics which is on par with Playstation 3 and Xbox 360. The Wii U finally has the power that the Wii lacks, they support games like Assassin’s Creed 3, Call of Duty: Black Ops 2, and Ninja Gaiden 3: Razor’s Edge. This is maybe the turning point for Nintendo to finally please the hardcore gamer market and putting them in better position to pull them from Sony and Microsoft. The console was released in two versions; a Basic white set which comes with 8 GB of internal flash storage, and a Deluxe black set with 32 GB of flash storage. The Basic set is initially priced at $299 which comes with the basic stuff; the gamepad, a sensor bar and the necessary power and HDMI cables while the Deluxe set is priced at an additional $50 which includes everything in the Basic set with an additional package of a charging cradle, stands for the gamepad and console, and a copy of Nintendo Land (PC Magazine, 2013). Now, even with the graphic advancements and better features incorporated in the Wii U, the real innovation that Nintendo plans to surprise the market is the gamepad. Featuring a built in touchscreen, the gamepad can either supplement or replicate the gameplay shown on the main display. In another way, the gamepad offers asymmetric competition, where the player using the gamepad has one experience and wins in a certain way, while other competing players have different ways to play and win with the Wiimote. You can also bypass the console and stream games directly to the tablet which is basically called the â€Å"Off TV Play† function (Lynley, 2012). Situational Analysis In this twentieth century, video gaming has become a part of the world’s society and culture. Recent socio-cultural trend has shown that the image of video game consoles had been redefined. Since its first introduction, video game consoles sole purpose was only to play video games. At the beginning of this century, game consoles has gradually transformed into a multimedia stations which can stream music, videos, movies, surfing on the internet and online gaming. Evidence shows how the introduction of the Wii Fit by Nintendo extends its values to the society. Dr. Justin Liu, a chairman of Back and Trauma Rehabilitation at St Mary’s Medical, San Francisco, pioneered a Wii-Habilitation program at the hospital. â€Å"Patients love the therapy of Wii-Hab and enjoy the distraction and fun factor of the game as they retrain their weakened limbs,† Liu said. According to him, more than 200 patients have benefitted from the program which primarily uses the unique Wii Balance Board to carry out numerous exercises (Pang, 2008). In the economics point of view, while many developing countries are experiencing a strong economic recovery, Nintendo recorded a decrease of consoles sales by 52. 2 percent in 2012. This may show that its Wii consoles are nearing its product life cycle while losing its momentum in the period of 2006 to 2010. However, with the introduction of the Wii U, the market analysts predicted the compound annual growth rate of the console market to be at an average of . 3 percent in the period of 2012 to 2017 (Games Consoles in the United States, 2013). Recession may be pointed out as the reason the decrease of console sales. Many consumers were also already beginning to spend less money even before the recession began and this includes the middle to upper middle class consumers. Experts believed this new trend began as more consumers started to become more environmental conscious to excessive waste and consumption. However, many experts believed that a trend of increased spending usually follows at the end of a recession or during the beginning of the recovery (Flatters,2009). Nintendo’s SWOT Analysis Strengths| * Established brands generate customer’s trust * Diversified geographic presence * High quality, cutting edge technology| Weaknesses| * Declining financial performances * Dependence on third party manufacturers| Oppurtunities| * Growing online gaming market * Re-engage with core customers| Threats| * Exchange rate fluctuations * Short product life cycle * Intense competition; consoles and mobile gaming| Table 2: Nintendo’s SWOT Analysis (Nintendo, 2013) Strengths A company who has been in the gaming industry since the early ‘80s, Nintendo is the only company among the â€Å"Big 3† of Sony and Microsoft whose focus is only video games (which this is also a threat). They have the expertise and market awareness to generates brand loyalty among its customers. They have produced many world class products or franchises that have made an impact to the gaming world. Game franchises from its early introduction to the market like the Donkey Kong series, Super Mario Brothers or the Pokemon series which until today are still being reproduced and loved around the world. Although Nintendo’s main production plants are located in Japan, they maintain a presence in the Americas and Europe through its many subsidiaries. Its global presence allows the company to tap the potential market opportunities across the world (Nintendo,2013). The presence of Sotoru Iwata, CEO of Nintendo Co. Ltd, presents significant intangible asset to the company. His view and direction has guided Nintendo to produce constant high quality and cutting edge technology throughout the years. Weaknesses Nintendo witnessed a decline in its financial performance in recent years. Price reductions on its console and poor sales of the 3DS are the prime factors in its decline. Since its introduction in 2006, Wii gained momentum and continued showing success in financial performance in its early years. Up until 2010, the momentum has marginally slowed down and it did not help when Nintendo introduces the 3DS system. The company faces tough competition from Sony’s Playstation Vita and also from new entrants from its substitute markets such as Apple’s Iphone and Ipad (Buerk,2011). The company’s dependence on outside manufacturers, generally suppliers of electronic components, have more bargaining power than the buyer. The company could not control the supply of the component which results in losses of potential profits due to shortage of products. Opportunities The ever growing online gaming market in the middle of the video game consoles cyclical life presents an opportunity to Nintendo. The company has developed Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection and Nintendo Network which provides free online play throughout its compatible devices. With the introduction of the Wii U, Nintendo has a chance to reconnect to the hardcore gamer market with giving them what they want in a high resolution and firepower comparative to the Playstation 3 and Xbox 360. Threats Volatile exchange rates could negatively impact the company’s earnings. Nintendo operates its business in foreign currencies but measures its performance in Japanese currency. In the sense of the entertainment world, Nintendo faces a lot of threats from its traditional competitors, Sony and Microsoft, and also with other providers of different form of entertainment including the mobile phones and tablets. The short product life cycle entails to the whole interactive entertainment software market. In a market with frequent introduction of new products, Nintendo must strive to differentiate their products from the others to gain and improve their market share. Part 2: NINTENDO’ STRATEGIES Nintendo’s strategy of expanding the gaming population worked in 2006 with the release of Wii. They have managed to encourage as many people in the world, regardless of age, gender or gaming experience to embrace and enjoy the fun in gaming which constitutes as the casual gamers. However, this strategy is endangering in singling out and damaging their biggest customer base, the hardcore gamers. Prior to the release of Wii, Nintendo has fallen behind in the competition with Sony and Microsoft. With them being over dependent on their own software franchises and tight control over content of the games, Sony and Microsoft have gained the advantage of appealing to the hardcore gamers with their continued publications of sophisticated and epic storyline game softwares with third party game publishers. In May 2008, in one of its move to regain their biggest customer base, Nintendo loosened its tight content policies and launched WiiWare, an online channel for distributing downloadable games by small independent software developers. This strategic move is for the purpose of adapting to the changes in the environment surrounding the video game market thus increasing new business opportunities where they are giving the chance to the independent developers to find the â€Å"next smash hit† (Mokey, 2007). Witnessing the success its competitors had in reaching the market earlier than its rivals, Nintendo had copied this marketing strategy by releasing the Wii U, first game console in the new business cycle in November 2012. Sony and Microsoft are yet to release their Playstation 4 and Xbox 720 respectively at the time of writing. One can argue whether Nintendo is taking the prescriptive or emergent approach in its strategy development and implementation. According to its mission statement, â€Å"Nintendo are committed to producing and marketing he best products and support services available† (Nintendo Corp, 2012) shows that the company has the direction to define its business as fitted to the definition of a prescriptive management by Andrews (1971). However, taking into account the way Nintendo disrupt the game market with its Wii, by completely ignoring Sony and Microsoft and targeting the hole in the market with a simpler and cheaper system, we can see that there are also an element of emergent in its strategy innovation. According to Nag et al (2007), the field of strategic management deals with the intended and emergent initiatives taken by the managers on behalf of owners, involving utilization of resources, to enhance the performance of firms in their external environments. This shows that Nintendo have clear and logical plans in their directions and at the same time, they are also experimenting with other possible strategies. This report can now conclude that Nintendo is adopting prescriptive and emergent processes in its strategy development. Part 3: COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE To explore Nintendo’s basis and its sustainability of competitive advantage, the report will now use Porter’s Five Forces as an analysis. Nintendo’s Porter’s Five Forces Bargaining Power of Suppliers Suppliers have strong bargaining power because of the dependence of Nintendo in its key parts of electronic components which ensure its console performance and production. They also pose as a threat as they could integrate forward and start producing their own gaming consoles as what Sony and Microsoft did. Bargaining Power of Buyers Buyers have a fair amount of bargaining power against Nintendo because of Nintendo’s lack of other portfolios in sources of revenue. If the customers decided to change preference in other type of entertainment, Nintendo would not have the capacity to retain them. Threat of Potential New Entrants In an oligopolistic structure dominated by three equally sized competitors; Sony, Microsoft and Nintendo trying to outperform their rivals to grab a greater share of the existing market, threats of new entrants is relatively low. High start-up costs and high risks in the industry present the biggest barrier. Threat of Substitutes In an entertainment market, there are strong threats of substitutes. Smart phones, tablets, home computers and online gaming are a few of the many substitute home entertainment products that consumer can use instead. Extent of Competitive Rivalry Sony, Microsoft and Nintendo fighting against each other for market dominance by trying to outperform their rivals with price cuts, marketing strategies and attribute differentiation, the competitive rivalry is very intense. However, in recent years Nintendo has come out on top with a competitive advantage with an innovative technology. Summary The basis of Nintendo’s competitive advantage lies in its management team; the Ramp;D team, marketing team and company’s management, headed by Satoru Iwata. Iwata’s vision and guidance gave rise to Nintendo’s Wii console and Nintendo’s game development house. Nintendo’s economies of scale are produced by the team effort of the company’s Ramp;D capability in innovative technology and its efficient manufacturing processes which enable them to produce the Wii U at a cheaper cost than their competitor’s game systems. Another core competency of Nintendo is its brand. The company has been an image to video gaming which is a very valuable and rare advantage. Part 4: Recommendations and Conclusion This report will now develop several strategic options for Nintendo to consider into the future. 1. Since the release of the Wii U in late 2012, certain features of the game system such as the TVii and the Miiverse, its own online community, has not live up to its potential to challenge its competitors. Nintendo should consider on improving these features to ensure its continued success from its predecessor, Wii. 2. Nintendo should also consider spending more money in aggressive marketing to improve sales while their competitors still yet to release their next game systems. 3. Another way of moving forward is to develop new policies for their game content. With the Wii U, now they have a capable platform to challenge their rivals in producing more mature games software to capture the biggest customer base there is, the hardcore gamer market. Conclusion In this oligopolistic structure, the video game market is growing very slowly and when a company wishes to gain dominance, it must take its sales from its competitors. Nintendo has been successful in identifying new market with its Wii series, but now they must shift their focus from puzzle and exercise games, and broaden their video game genres for more mature audience. However, this could mean breaking their traditional image of family friendly and a probability of backlash from the market. They will also have to shift their in-house game development and improve their relationship with independent game producers. With the Wii U, they now have the platform to gain sustainable competitive advantage over their competitors.

Both Sylvia Plath and Penelope Lively e Essay Example

Both Sylvia Plath and Penelope Lively e Essay Example Both Sylvia Plath and Penelope Lively e Essay Both Sylvia Plath and Penelope Lively e Essay Lively explore situations that evoke the primal fear in all of us. They use various images and different symbols to explore these fears through neurosis, nightmares and hallucinations. The blue capes all dissolved and vanished, just like their childhoods innocence. The whole dreamy fantasy world of the two main characters (Sandra, from The Darkness Out there and the little girl from Superman and Paula Browns New Snowsuit) burnt Into ashes by the antagonist. They both go through harsh rite of passage as they realize the world Isnt as shelling and simple as they thought. Both stories start with fantasy worlds created by the protagonist- naive hallucinations without any sign of the real evil. In Darkness, Sandra, Just another Innocent girl with great expectation of life, was part of the good neighbors craze-Come and have fun Glenn a helping hand to the old folks, helping these old folks seem Like a safe and fun way to make contributions to the neighborhood. Sandra had always had a sheltered and protected life. She and Kerry. The annoying childish boy nobody thinks much of, discover the real darkness out there at Packers End hidden in the old lady hideous heart. At first, helping the old lady and doing various things around her house only seem to enhance the illusion of innocence and carefree life. The old lady even gave them chocolates. But, as the old lady started telling her story about the German plane, the ugliness and darkness inside her became more apparent. The realization of the evil that she was capable of was enough to make them leave with their innocence, lost forever. Sandra and Kerry would never be the same again. Just like Sandra had been all wrong about Kerry, they had been all wrong about this sweet old lady. In your head for ever like lines from a song, its like the lyrics of the song that never gets out of your mind. The neurosis develops into hallucination and imprinted in their head as a nightmare. In this nightmarish story, the neurosis gets stronger and stronger as the hallucination test darker and darker. Sandra and Seekers eyes have now been opened to the true darkness out there. The pure innocence is stained, Just like Paula Browns new snowsuit. In Superman, Sylvia Plant writes about the girls superman dream. Similar to Sanders fantasy world, it is way too perfect to be real. My flying dreams were believable as a landscape by Dali, Dali Is a talented painter with realistic drawings. Plant describes her dreams as Dalais painting, showing her superman dream Is related to something in her real life. The next sentence so real that I would awake with a sudden shock implied that she would later In the story be pulled out of her own world. The first thing that Invaded her childhood Innocence Is a movie about tortured Japanese prisoners. no crusading blue figure came roaring down In heavenly anger to smash the yellow men who Invaded my dreams, fantasy Is brutally replaced by reality. Later on, she Is accused for something she TLD commit, even her superman (uncle Frank) wont come and rescue her. Her childhood Innocence Is completely wiped away like the crude drawing of a child in color chalk from the blackboard, when superman betrayed her and left her with the ordinary Uncle Frank, his face was featureless. This is one of the most important quotes in the story, as her fantasy world popped like a bubble and out shown the characterless Uncle Frank. Penelope Lively and Sylvia Plant use different ways to introduce the antagonist in the story. Lively story has a clear character who plays the role of antagonist, while in Plashs story, the antagonist is an imagination from the protagonist.

International Monetary Fund Essays - Foreign Exchange Market

International Monetary Fund Essays - Foreign Exchange Market International Monetary Fund -International Monetary Fund- Addressing Fundamental Economic Goals On an International Level The International Monetary Fund is an important function that makes world trade less strenuous. The International Monetary Fund, or IMF as it is called, provides support and supervision to nations in all stages of economic progress. International trade is a key element to enable nations, large and small, to strengthen their economic positions. Larger nations need the international market to export their goods and services, and smaller nations also need this world scale market to import products so they are able to produce more efficiently. In order to achieve these goals, one major component must be in place. The ability to value other nation's currency. Throughout the years, many different ways have been used to do this, mostly ending in failure. There is no perfect way to accurately measure the true value of another country's currency. The International Monetary Fund is an effort to see each country's economic position, offer suggestions, and provide the fundamental economic securi ty that is essential to a thriving (world) economy. Many of the domestic economic goals are reiterated by the INF on an international level. To understand the current INF we will investigate the events leading up to its existence. Between 1879 and 1934 major nations used a method of international exchange known as the Gold Standard. The Gold Standard was simply a fixed-rate system. The rate was fixed to gold. In order for this system to function properly three things had to happen. First, each nation had to define its currency to gold (this definition then could not change). Second, each nation must than maintain a fixed relationship to its supply of money and its amount of actual gold. Third, the on-hand gold must be allowed to be exchanged freely between any nations throughout the world. With all of those policies successfully in place, the exchange rates of the participating countries would then be fixed to gold, therefore to each other. To successfully maintain this relationship some adjustments had to be made from time to time. For example, two countries A and B are doing international business together and A buys mo re of B's products than B buys of A's. Now B doesn't have enough of A's currency to pay for the excess products purchased. B now has what's called a balance of payment deficit. In order to correct for this deficit the following must occur; Actual gold must now be transferred to A from B. This transfer does two things. First, it reduces B's money supply (a fixed ratio must be maintain between the actual amount of gold, and the supply of money) hence lowering B's spending, aggregate income, and aggregate employment, ultimately reducing the demand for A's products. Second, A's money supply is now increased, raising A's spending, aggregate income, and aggregate employment, ultimately raising the demand for B's products. These two events happen simultaneously stabilizing the exchange rate back to its equilibrium. The Gold Standard served the world's economy very well until one unfortunate event happened. The Great (worldwide) Depression of the 1930's presented the world with a new set of problems to be dealt with, not only domestically, but throughout the entire world. The situation was bad, so bad that nations would do anything to dig themselves out of economic disaster. Nations now would break the biggest rule of the Gold Standard. Nations started to redefine the value of there currency to gold. This act of devaluation, as it was called, disrupted the entire world's perception of the relationship of each country's currencies to there own. Bartering systems were tried, however, eventually the Gold Standard failed. After The Depression international trading was crippled. A new method of international currency exchange had to be developed. Many ideas were listened to, but not until 1944 would a new entirely accepted method be adopted. During this year in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire a modified adjustable-peg system was formed, in addition to this new innovative system, the International Monetary Fund was formed. For many years the Bretton Woods adjustable-peg system worked well. This system became more and more dependent of the United States currency's value. Since from the inception of the IMF in 1946 the

Disscusion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Disscusion - Essay Example Moreover, today cooking is not reserved for women only; all family members participate and enjoy doing the activity when it comes to special occasions. One flaw in the picture that I notice is that none of the family members except the grandfather is looking at the grandmother or the turkey. Everybody is looking at one another as if there are things more important elsewhere around rather than grandmother or the turkey; which I think is not fine because the grandmother does deserve immense appreciation and honor for doing the family this service. The best part of the picture is the grandfather who has indeed stood up to express his thanks to the grandmother. This was a very wonderful exercise that let me think critically for a while and both appreciate and criticize the various elements of the picture. I liked the concept as a whole. I must say that the picture has preserved the norms and values of the old American family. The concept of family is so integral and fundamental to the cultivation of norms and values in the society that I am amazed how, as a society, could we compromise upon the sustenance of family the way it appears in the picture! Our attempt to be modern has deprived us of the blessings we had in the past including the togetherness, the union, the love and affection among the family members, and most importantly the mesmerizing smell of roasted turkey wafting through the home on Christmas. Even the hairstyles looked so decent and elegant; it seemed like everybody has applied a little oil in the hair to manage that better. Women looked so elegant with hair tied up in a bun. These days, people have gone wild in the name o f fashion. Hairs have gone pink and blue and spiky. I wish at least one of the family members in addition to the grandfather was looking at the turkey or the

Researching Communities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Researching Communities - Essay Example According to the 2011 Office for National Statistics, Haringey’s population was 254,900 and 14,429 of that being Northumberland’s (5.6%). The population growth locally has been due to the increase in births and net gain from international migration; for instance Italy, Spain and Poland are the top three countries where people who have registered for national insurance over the three years 2010-2012 in Haringey have come from (totalling 11,128). Northumberland ward accounts for 32.8% of young people aged below 20 living in Haringey and yet they are significantly deprived of recreational facilities. Lack of recreation and employment is, therefore, reflected in high crime levels. Crime Plus ASB breakdown for Northumberland Park by the Metropolitan Police Service has statistics for the period April 2014 to March 2015; included 553 of Violent Crime, 556 of Anti-Social Behaviour and 220 Burglaries. The research is a community-based participatory research that seeks to study the particular problems facing Northumberland Park and its residents. The findings will be helpful in finding lasting solutions to the problems facing the region. It is largely investigative and seeks to justify some of the actions that will be contemplated in the regeneration programme for Northumberland Park Ward. It takes the form of a case study, being a study of the deprivation situation of Northumberland Park, and the views of the residents on the dimension the regeneration should take. Some of the research tools employed in this study include questionnaire-based interviews. The questionnaires are more suitable for the interviews in this study because it provides a clear insight into the deprivation state of Northumberland while at the same time making the local community an integral part of the study. The findings of this study are dependent on how much information can be extracted from the local residents. Questionnaire as a research tool will engage the local community is

Ecological Colapse of Past Civilizations Research Paper

Ecological Colapse of Past Civilizations - Research Paper Example This risk has been existing in the human history, resulting in the current destructive modern technology, which is contributing a lot towards environmental pollution. It is widely believed that pre-industrial societies respected and preserved nature, lived with their environment in a harmonious manner, and were wise when it came to the consumption of natural resources. However, Diamond points out that there is a large number of pre-industrial societies that did collapse. He defines â€Å"society collapse† as a local radical decrease of the number of human populations and economic, political, and social complexity (363). He further states that collapse can result in a certain human population disappearing completely over a wide area. Some of the victims of past civilizations listed in this article include: Great Zimbabwe, Greenland Norse, Anasazi, Angkor Wat, Classic Lowland Maya, Mycenaean Greece, and Easter Island among many others. Human beings should have learned from the collapse of these societies and work tirelessly to find appropriate solutions to the current environmental difficulties. Diamond notes that the recent devastating evidence from archaeological and other disciplines demonstrates that some of the past collapses actually stemmed from ecological disasters that are similar to the current ecological suicide that human beings are risking to commit nowadays. Even though the past societies were made up of smaller populations with less destructive technology compared to the ones we possess nowadays, the pre-industrial ecological suicides unfolded resulting in collapsing of some societies. This indicates that things will become worse if we continue participating in modern activities that cause a lot of harm to the environment. People can really learn from these past happenings. However, the problem seems to be very complicated. This is a problem that requires critical thinking to come up

Dynamics involved in gay and lesbian intimate partner abuse Essay

Dynamics involved in gay and lesbian intimate partner abuse - Essay Example The literature points out that the frequency of domestic violence in same-sex relationships has been equal to that in heterosexual relationships a hypothesis that stands a chance of being proven right or wrong. Domestic violence in same-sex relationships is in relation to same-gender relationships. Historically, the failure to evaluate the violence involved within same-sex relationships has been due to social stigma, discrimination, homophobia and gender based myths among other issues (Lundry and Leventhal, 1999). These issues provided a barrier which stops such incidences from being reported. It is so unfortunate how partners in these relationships have been suffering in silence due to the society’s ignorance. There are quite a number of issues which influence the response to domestic violence within a same sex relationship. These issues act as barriers in the way of reporting such incidences to the relevant authority such as the police. The first issue is the wall of silence. A common observation is that silence surrounds issues of domestic violence. People prefer to ignore rather than talk about the incidences. Bigne and Wetchler (2004) reveal that the incidences of domestic violence have for a long time been treated as a taboo among the lesbians and gays. This can be attributed to the denial of the problem such that victims resort to keeping quite. This is clearly the most effective way of promoting violence in the respective same-sex relationships. It is important to note two factors which contribute to the state of silence. Moriarty (2008) reveals that the privacy within such intimate relationships is one factor. This common realm of intimate relationships shuns external interference such that partners do not entertain intruders. The fact that these relationships are based on pillars of privacy, state regulation is quite difficult. Various governments find it difficult to get involved in to private businesses of its

Human Resources and Organizational Effectiveness case 5 Essay

Human Resources and Organizational Effectiveness case 5 - Essay Example The Chinese markets have also faces a surge as there has been a huge drop in the social and cultural barriers. This has been a major cause for the businesses to be able to set up the businesses and work more earnestly. Also the SMEs of China have been known for supplying parts and services to the world’s top companies. This has formed a main characteristic of the Chinese SMEs. The fact that the parts are supplied from Chinese SMEs across the world simply means that the demand for the SME depends to a very great extent on the demand of the giants where the company provide for the goods and services. It is quite difficult to ignore the significance of the SMEs in the Chinese economy. It has also been noted that the Chinese foreign exchange markets and the foreign experts have estimated that the country has been contributed as much as 60% of the total industrial output. Also it provides as much as 75% of the workforce of the country. SMEs are responsible for creating most new urb an jobs, and they are the main destination for workers laid-off from state-owned enterprises (SOEs) that re-enter the workforce. This fact of the companies providing a high level of jobs to the workforce in the country has been recognised by the government however it has also lead to a number of social unrest within the country. Chinese officials have said that SMEs would be more important for preserving social stability than the nascent social security system once increased foreign competition as a result of Chinas WTO entry forces more layoffs from uncompetitive state-owned firms. It has also been noted by the local experts that the employees aged over 40 and 50s are being removed from the jobs, specially those with a lack of skills to be able to compete in the private ventures. The next essential step is to consider the plausible strategy for Chinese SME in the manufacturing industry. There are two main strategies that need to be

CUSTOMER SERVICE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

CUSTOMER SERVICE - Essay Example In addition, if the language used in the query or reply is not courteous and polite, the customer is most likely not to reply back. Directly addressing customers or Phone call follow-ups: This type of follow-up has mixed results. Either they will be annoying for the customers making their responses the same annoyed ones or planning to get rid of the person or honest opinion will be given. Usually this is entirely dependent upon the person calling or talking to the customer. If they are polite, friendly and precise, the customer is more likely to give an honest opinion rather than just wanting to get rid of the question being asked. The call centre is outsourcing its services to various small companies. Their aim is to expand their services to larger outlets. For the time being, their focus is providing the best possible services to the customers. These services are prompt and accurate. For this purpose, they train every employee in the specified product information they are servicing before letting them work in the call centre (Kotler et al., 2009). This training enables them to be precise and helpful to the customer as much as they can. They also focus on hiring people with a pleasant personality, clear accents and voices so that the customer does not feel offended talking to them. Professionalism is highly encouraged here in all aspects whether it is answering queries or helping a difficult customer out. Rewards are also given to employees who offer the best support for the month. Employee input for improvement in service is also taken under consideration. The local mart also has a high value of customer service. It is a family run business and slowly they are expanding due to their high service quality, word of mouth and repeat customers. Their policies include always putting the customer first. Any sign of discomfort or dissatisfaction is

Futures and Options Essay

Futures and Options Essay The agreement to buy and sell such commodities is made through contracts to bring in legality in trading as it involves cash payments margins, delivery of goods and scope for profit maximisation. The emergence of contract systems eventually led to trading in contracts whereby a middlemen stands in between buyers and sellers. The active trading in such contracts brought standardisation which in turn led to the development of futures contracts. A future contract is a standardised, binding agreement to make or take delivery of a specified quantity and grade of a commodity at an established point in future at an agreed upon price. The organization of merchants involved in the trading these commodities evolved into an organisation that standardised the contracts and trading practises and came to be known as The Futures Exchange such as the New York Board of Trade (NYBOT) and the London International Financial Futures Exchange. One essential objective of the exchange is to provide the dealers with all necessary information with regard to price volatility i.e. the magnitude of price movement in either direction. Note that it measures price risk and volatility but does not remove or eliminate risks. The exchange provides the benchmark for the determination of price by making price margins mandatory for effective fair trading. Future transactions do not require full advance payments for the commodity (just the margin), the buyer of a futures contract which increases in value (or the seller of futures contract which decreases in value) can realize a profit which can be substantial in relation to the commitment of capital. Brazil today is the world largest producer of coffee. Considering this figures, it is not surprising to note that it has attracted considerable amount of speculation and ever increasing susceptibility to price volatility. Coffee production has direct linkage with weather besides many other factors such as world coffee prices. A coffee drink manufacturer will buy coffee beans from a coffee producer at an agreed price if he/she expects to have drastic climatic changes which will result in coffee being expensive at a future date. A sudden drop in the production in future will cut supply and make it more expensive. the buyer can, therefore, avoid unnecessary risk by buying a futures contract that will guarantee him delivery of coffee at a future date at a price fixed now. However, it must also be noted that he/she will suffer loss if the future current/spot price of coffee beans were to fall drastically due to improved production and competitions. Take an example of Brazil The Brazilian Crop was initially expected to produce about 50 million bags of coffee. Seasonal disturbances such as rain, harvest delays and quality problem caused production to fall to 33.5 million bags. Due to severe drought in Viet Nam coffee production dropped by almost 1 million bags. These shortages of coffee output distort the supply level which leads to a global rise in prices. So what roles does the future markets play in the production and selling of coffee? Taking these points into account the next chapter looks at the Indian and world coffee markets and the role future market plays in its pricing. In the analysis, I have made use of some articles from the Times of India newspaper and other websites. It is logical to state that at times of shortage prices tend to go up due to higher demand and which in turn puts pressure on sellers to sell their product at a lower price. We know from our analysis before that a buyer will resort to futures contract if he expects the prices to go up in future. However considering that the production too has been low the chances of producing the required amount to meet the demand is less which adds to speculation in the market. The report also suggests one source as saying that it is better to pay penalty and cancel a contract rather than to loose significant amount of money by fulfilling it. Note that sometimes the whole idea of futures contract is not meet the obligation in terms of delivering the commodity but to profit from the speculation that these uncertainties give rise to. The world coffee production in 2003/2004 was estimated to be around 105.3 million 60 kilogram bags down nearly 2 percent from forecast made in June and down 15 percent from the 2002/03 season. Factors such as lower production contribute to great extent the price determination. For the year 2004/2005 it was widely believed that Brazilian coffee production to be around 33-35 million bags but due to substandard weather and low level of investment the production is likely to be below 30 million bags. This drop in production is likely to cut the supply level and Brazil being the world largest producers, any drop in its output will affect the world supply and thereby raise the price. These uncertainties lead to prices going up in the futures markets. It has long been felt that some traders hold stocks to push the prices up and then sell it to make supernatural profits. Lets look at the graphical representation of prices of Robusta class of coffee as determined at the International Coffee Organisation (ICO) to assess the trends in the market. The graph below shows that since November 2004 Robusta coffee prices have increased at a slow and steady pace. However, a report that appeared on the Economic Times suggests that volatility in the world prices over the last few days have affected trading in coffee in the markets. The ICO in its Coffee Market Report seems to suggest that the downturn in mid-April caused a slight fall of 3.19 percent in the monthly average of the ICO Composite Indicator Price which dropped from 101.44 cents/lb in March to98.20 cents/lb in April. It also suggests that this has been due to high level of activity from various investment funds. Comparing the results put forward by the ICO to the recent reports in the Economic Times newspaper (24/05/2005) the volatility in the world prices have triggered a bullish trend in the Indian markets which explains why trading in the coffee auctions markets have suffered. Estimates shows that there was a 40 percent drop in the overall quantum sold when compared to the previous ICTA auction. The beginning of the year showed a significant climb in the moving averages between January and mid-March and then a significant drop till the mid of April. One of the least complex ways to use a moving average is to simply look at the slope a rising slope indicates that the market is in an uptrend and falling slope indicates a downward trend in the market. Moving Averages is a statistical technique for smoothing price movement in order to identify the trends more easily. It is equally important to understand that moving averages are sensitive to the number of days used to calculate the average i.e. the more days that are used; the less sensitive is the average. Some experts are of the view that MA can be a critical factor in decision making. For e.g. traders can make use of one or more MA to determine buy or sell decisions i.e.to use a slow MA together with a fast MA. A slow moving average can be calculated by taking more days opening or closing prices and fast moving average by taking fewer days prices. In a more elaborate way, what it means is that you must buy when the faster MA goes above the slower one and sell when the faster MA goes below the slower one [or] buy when prices are above both fast and slow MA and sell when prices are below both MA. The chart below is a graphical example of how a Moving Average looks like as of 05/27/2005. The Red Line (price line) is above the moving average so the trend is up indicating that the market is bullish and also the fast moving average (dark blue) is above the slow moving average (light blue). Volume of7078.00 suggests the measure of trading activity during the selected period of time. It refers to the number of futures contract that are either bought or sold during that period. Open Interests, on the other hand, measures the number of futures contract that remains open at a particular point in time, usually at the closing of trade. In the next chapter, I have looked at India as a producer of Coffee. India is relatively new into the coffee future markets and has performed exceedingly well. However, due to the speculative nature of the futures market and also bureaucratic hurdles have led to decrease in contract sales and increased price and non-competitiveness in the global coffee market. The two principal species of coffee grown in India are Robusta and Arabica. Trading in coffee futures was introduced only recently and prices are extensively depended on the coffee trading in the New York and London futures markets as it has considerable influence on the world coffee prices. These prices are notoriously volatile and varies considerably due to factors such as weather forecast, size of the coffee stock worldwide and speculations in the futures markets The Indian coffee production and physical trade is worth over $ 430 million annually. The production of Indian coffee is greatly influenced by world prices particularly since it is the second largest actively traded commodity in the world market. The Coffee Futures Exchange India Limited was formed under the supervision of Forwards Markets Commission to look into all trading practices affecting coffee prices. The main objectives are To provide hedging opportunity against coffee price risk. To ensure guaranteed delivery of coffee. To provide a price discovery mechanism for future period up to 18 months at any given point of time. Besides these it is important to look at the mechanism COFEI uses to ensure that market participants follows the rules in ensure financial integrity. Factors such as margins, Price limits for trading, daily marking-to-market of all trades and sufficient capital including guarantee funds ensures that proper procedures are followed when a contract is bought and sold. In India, coffee has been categorized into 4 different types with each having different margins for smooth and efficient trading. The table next page gives a snapshot view of how coffee in India is traded and in particular the different class of coffee whether raw or clean. The coffee industry, in general, has seen surge in prices by almost 40 percent. Exports in recent times have been hit quiet badly. Reports on the Financial Express newspaper suggest that export have suffered especially due to the price non-competitiveness in the world markets. India exported nearly 225,000 tonnes of coffee last year with majority (50 %) of it going to Europe. Indias coffee production and exports for the year 2005-06 (October-September) are forecast to increase by 5% and 29%, respectively. The anticipated rise in coffee export is against the backdrop of almost 26% decline in the current year (2004-05/Oct-Sep). Coffee exports are expected to fall to an eight-year low of 169,980 tonne, or 2.83 million 60-kilogram bags, in the current year ending Sept 30, from 229,320 tonne, or 3.82 million bags, a year earlier. India, the worlds fifth-biggest coffee exporter is set to witness decline as farmers and traders are withholding beans on expectations of higher prices. One of the biggest problems facing the traders in the Indian coffee industry is the time difference between India and the New York and London trading centres. Indian traders were now finding it difficult to hedge their risk. The local exchange functioned only till 5pm when the LIFFE and NYBOT and other European markets functioned till over 11.30 pm IST.

Love in the Time of Cholera | Analysis

Love in the Time of Cholera | Analysis Gabriel Garcia Marquezs Love in the Time of Cholera can be interpreted as a romance novel in which star-crossed lovers meet, are then torn apart, and half a century later fall into bed with one another re-igniting the flame that fate stole from them. However, the romance of Florentino Ariza and Fermina Daza is not one of those stories. What may have initially appeared to be an innocent story about love may not be. M. Keith Booker has demonstrated that the novel provides warnings against gullibility in reading, and indeed, there are several incidents early in Love in the Time of Cholera that inform the reader that appearances can be deceiving. In the novel, love is a sickness; a virus that eats away the substance of a man. The falsehood of love that Florentino Ariza feels is a decaying illness destroying his physical and mental form; turning him into an apparition of welted camellias. The illness was injected into Florentino Ariza as he walked into the Dazas house. It was â€Å"half in ruins,† â€Å"with weeds in the flowerpots and a stone fountain with no water,† (54) standing in front. The house signified the sickness to come to Florentino. Flowers throughout the rest of the novel take the impression of the love between Florentino and Fermina, but to miss the setting of the first meeting of the two lovers is to misinterpret the entirety of the novel. The â€Å"weeds in the flowerpots† is the false love they share, the weeds are a valueless plants growing wild, those that grow on the cultivated ground and add injury to the desired crop; which in this case is the love between Florentino and Fermina. The fountain once again represents the emptiness of Florentino and Ferminas love as well as Florentino himself. From first seeing Fermina in the house on Florentino â€Å"began his secret life as a solitary hunter† in which he sat underneat h â€Å"the shade of the almond trees.†(56, 56) The scent almonds is the scent â€Å"of the fate of unrequited love,† (2) the scent that is associated with Jeremiah de Saint Amours death, and the scent of Fermina Daza. The suicide of Jeremiah de Saint Amour sets up the foreshadowing of Florentinos love and what it will ultimately do to him. It is no wonder that the scent of â€Å"bitter almonds† (2) is compared to that of cyanide, as well as the smell of Fermina. The intoxicating aroma of Fermina fills Florentinos heart with crystals ultimately killing him there in the park as he endows her with â€Å"improbable virtues and imaginary sentiments.† (56) In other words, he idealizes her. It is this unrealistic conception of Fermina that leads to a half-century of waiting, watching and stalking, infected by the weeds of love. Marquez wrote: â€Å"When he began to wait for the answer to his first letter, his anguish was complicated by diarrhea and green vomit, be became disoriented and suffered from sudden fainting spells, and his mother was terrified because his condition did not resemble the turmoil of love so much as the devastation of cholera† â€Å"..he had the weak pulse, hoarse breathing, and pale perspiration of a dying man†Ã¢â‚¬ He prescribed infusions of linden blossoms to calm the nerves and suggested a change of air so he could find consolation in distance, but Florentino Ariza longed for just the opposite: to enjoy his martyrdom.† (61, 62, 62) Florentino Ariza literally takes on the sickness of love, as if Fermina had infected him with a bacterial disease known as Cholera. Marquez purposely parallels the sickness of cholera and Florentinos love sickness to exploit the falseness of the love felt by Florentino. The fact that Florentino enjoys his suffering points out the reality of his feelings for Fermina, that he does love her; that he is in love with the suffering caused by the idea of loving her. Fermina is an independent, headstrong person who is sophisticated and capable; Fermina prides herself on her unfaltering, haughty composure. Marquez depicts her as a level headed woman whose ideals are realistic, therefore it is of no concern when she writes to Florentino saying â€Å"When I saw you, I realized that what is between us is nothing more than an illusion.†(102). although, critic ___________ believes that Fermina is â€Å"impulsive† based off her sudden realization, in actuality she is only grown. The time apart from Florentino has taught her that the love between them was truly an illusion that was built up in their minds. She came to the conclusion that the love was nothing more than a childhood crush. However, Florentino did not have the option to grow from Fermina because the separation was nothing new to him. The Fermina Daza he loved was not a physical woman but a sickness running through his veins, she was a phantom of â€Å"improbable virtues and imaginary sentiments.† (56) Fermina the phantom was always with Florentino, she was in his mind and no amount of time could take that away from him. From the moment he gave his letter to Fermina he locked himself into a prison counting the days until he could be free from his self made prison. The virus of Fermina did not break even after the â€Å"fifty-one years and nine months and four days† (103) of waiting, for the prison he built was solely a monument to Fermina. He based the entirety of his life on her and achieving her as if she was a â€Å"golden† prize to win. When Florentino sees her for the first time from her honeymoon, he re-iterates his vow for her. Marquez writes: â€Å"The day that Florentino Ariza saw Fermina Daza in the atrium of the Cathedral, in the sixth month of her pregnancy and in full command of her new condition as a woman of the world, he made a fierce decision to win fame and fortune in order to deserve her.†(165) Florentino based the rest of his life on solely reaching Fermina, not even to marry her as Marquez makes sure not to mention but to â€Å"deserve her† once again suggesting that the love he felt was one of falsehood. Any chance of Florentino of living his life for him in the chance of happiness is shattered here. Any substance that could be squeezed from him is abolished once again in seeing Fermina from a distance â€Å"six months pregnant,† the fact that he saw her pregnant from a distance reinforces that Florentino does not perceive of Fermina as an actually person but rather that woman in his mind. His â€Å"fierce decision† was beyond the thought of a rational man, for Fermina was married and was pregnant to represent that marriage. However, this point in Florentinos life is when he will stop at nothing to reach his dream of Fermina. He devotes his life to the river company until the day he can reach Fermina. Florentino becomes a man in the background to walk the dark city nights; he lives his adult life in the shadows of women. Feeling that sex â€Å"eases the pain of Fermina Daza† (). (( He puts himself in to affairs with other woman whether they are married or not. The narrator only describes a very small fraction of his six hundred and twenty-two long-term affairs, but of the ones he does relate, several offer a picture of a man less than deserving of Ferminas — or any womans — love. One of Florentinos lovers, Olimpia Zuleta, is murdered by her husband when she inadvertently shows him the possessive inscription that Florentino painted on her belly. It is also revealed late in the novel that Florentino is a rapist who, after impregnating a maid behind his house, bribes her to put the blame on her innocent sweetheart. Perhaps most condemning is Florentinos seduction of Amà ©rica Vicuà ±ia, his fourteen-year-old blood relative who is entrusted to him while she att ends secondary school. What is most disturbing in his relationship with this girl is the manipulation he uses to create the illusion of acquiescence. When he meets her, she is still a little girl with the scrapes of elementary school on her knees, but Florentino spends a year cultivating her with ice cream and childish afternoons, until finally winning her confidence and affection. These are love affairs not one night stands, Florentino had feelings for these women (some of them anyway), this love life points out the falsehood of Florentinos love for Fermina. He manipulates woman, all of them. From the time he receives Ferminas letter of insults, Florentino begins to devise a new strategy — a new method of seduction.() He plans everything down to the last detail, as if it were the final battle.() He departs from his usual imitative writing style and composes an extensive meditation on life which he disguises in the patriarchal style of an old mans memories. The letters help Fermina find new reasons to go on living, but Florentinos cunning plans complicate what she interprets as heartfelt emotions. He is also dishonest with her in person; when she asks him why he never competed in the Poetic Festivals, he lies to her () and says that he wrote only for her.() It is true that part of his intention is to give Fermina the courage to discard the prejudices() of society, and to think of love as a state of grace,() but his contemptible past makes it impossible to differentiate his good motives from his selfish, destructive ones.)) Marquez expels Florentino and Ferminas false love during the final pages of the book. He depicts a forsaken country on the river were the elderly couple float down. â€Å"The river became muddy and narrow[†¦] flatlands stripped of entire forests that had been devoured by the boilers of the riverboats [†¦] there were no more wars or epidemics, but the swollen bodies still floated by.†(336) Florentinos relationship with Fermina was not as full but rather a narrow and muddy. The life he led with the sole purpose of being with Fermina and the illusion that followed striped the forest of his life bare leaving nothing but â€Å"flatlands.†(336) The monomaniac idealism of Florentino leads him to strip away everything in his life other than the â€Å"muddy and narrow† (336) river that is his relationship with Fermina. Even though he defeats all the â€Å"wars† and â€Å"epidemics† (336) in order to reach Fermina there are still corpses that float by, the corpses of falsehood and past lovers. The love between them is as narrow as the river. Florentino is as dead and bare as the country side. The ultimate contradiction comes in the very last words of Florentino in which he tells the captain to sail the â€Å"New Fidelity† (343) to sail â€Å"forever.†(348) The impossibility of that statement at first glance seems as the perfect way to end a romantic novel. However, this is not Marquez intention. The wood that is needed to fuel the ship has been depleted to none, due to Florentinos mismanaging of the river company because his mind only grasped the falsehood of Ferminas love. Eventually the elderly couple will have to come to realize the impossibility of their love and come to the truth that â€Å"Its dead.†(340) Florentino will have to come to the truth that Fermina has poisoned his mind and body and that she is and was only an illusion in his mind.

Efficient America: Women, Progressivism, and the New Meaning of Citizenship :: Essays Papers

Efficient America: Women, Progressivism, and the New Meaning of Citizenship The end of the 19th Century brought with it what Woodrow Wilson called, â€Å"a new sense of union,† a cease-fire in sectional political strife that ended a century-long conflict in the United States, but the effects of the Industrial Revolution were already ushering in a new kind of domestic debate. This one would be couched in much of the same rhetoric of rights and equality and freedom that characterized the previous conflict, but it would address not the political functions of the American government, but the scope of its economic authority and what it owed the American people by virtue of that authority. A new national obsession with science and efficiency emerged in tandem with this debate, and the old foundations of the republic began to be evaluated by scientific rather than philosophical or religious standards. Caught in the fray of this conflict were the popular reform movements of the early 20th Century, whose causes came to be viewed in the same economic terms that characterized the major national issues of the day. The women’s movement was among those that exchanged its 19th Century rhetoric of rights based on religion, Enlightenment philosophy, and Constitutional ideals for a platform that emphasized the economic utility of increased rights and a widened sphere for women, and that fell more closely in line with the modern progressive philosophies of pragmatism and scientific rationalism. The emphasis on enhancing national economic productivity by strict scientific divisions of labor, on applying science to the routines of daily life to make it more efficient, more healthy, and more sanitary, changed the meaning of citizenship in America. With the blessings of progressives, the federal government made its first major entrance into the private lives of its citizens—regulati ng industry, economy, and urban life—and in doing so, became a protector of the people from the tyranny of economic power rather than just political power. A citizen became an economic unit, and productivity became linked with patriotism. Women, it came to be argued, should get the vote and should enter the public sphere not to fulfill their duty as political citizens of the United States who needed representation on the grounds that it was consistent with American political ideology, but to become full economic citizens—more efficient producers and workers within their own sections of the public sphere. At the end of the 19th Century, the Seneca Falls approach still garnered recognition but was even then giving way to the new arguments for women’s rights.

Multiple Personality Disorder :: Medical Medicine disorders Essays

Multiple Personality Disorder Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) or Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) was first acknowledged in the 1700's but was not understood so therefore it was forgotten. Many cases show up in medical records through the years, but in 1905, Dr. Morton Prince wrote a book about MPD that is a foundation for the disease. A few years after it was published Sigmund Freud dismissed the affliction and this dropped it from being discussed at any credible mental health meetings. Since then the disorder has been overlooked and misdiagnosed as either schizophrenia or psychosis. Many in the medical profession did not believe that a person could unknowingly have more than one personality or person inside one body, even after the in the 1950's Three Faces of Eve was published by two psychiatrist. In 1993, records showed that three to five thousand patients were being treated for MPD compared to the hundred cases reported ten years earlier. There is still as increase in the number of cases being reported as the scientific community learns more and more about the disease and the public is becoming more and more aware of this mental disorder. There are still many questions left unanswered about the disease, like "Is it genetic?" or "Is a certain type of personality more vulnerable to the disorder?" but many aspects of how people come by the disorder are already answered (Clark, 1993, p.17-19) MPD is commonly found in adults who were recurrently abused mentally, physically, emotionally, and/or sexually as young children, between birth to 8 years of age. The child uses a process called dissociation to remove him/herself from the abusive situation. Dissociation is when a child makes up an imaginary personality to take control of the mind and body while the child is being abused. The child can imagine many personalities but usually there is a personality for every feeling and or emotion that was involved during the abuse (BoyyM, 1998, p.1). As an adult, the abused child finds it hard to keep track of time and may have episodes of amnesia. Other symptoms that will appear in adults with MPD are depression, auditory and visual hallucinations (hearing voices) and suicidal thoughts. Another major symptom is when the adult has no recollection of their childhood. The adult with MPD has no idea they were abused as children and also unaware of the other personalities living inside of their head.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Multiple Personality Disorder is when there is "the presence of two or more distinct identities or personalities, each with its own relatively enduring pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and self"(BoyyM, 1998, p.1). There can be anywhere from two to over a hundred different personalities.

Critical Analysis Of Human Resource Development Intervention

What is larning and how does larning take topographic point? This essay will turn to the reply to the aforementioned inquiry by critically measuring an Induction semen Training plan conducted by John Little. Mezirow ‘s instrumental acquisition and Kolb ‘s acquisition manners will be discussed to analyze the existent life larning that I personally experienced whilst working for the abovementioned retail merchant. To show the transportation between theoretical and organisational acquisition, the apprehension gained from the Human Resource Development ( HRD ) literature will be utilized to supply recommendations on bettering the Induction semen Training plan to heighten and ease grownup acquisition. John Little is managed by the Robinsons Group, one of Singapore ‘s prima retail merchants ( Robinsons 2009 ) . The departmental shop offers a broad scope of consumer goods to the general populace. Its success is reliant on its committedness to excellent client service. Staff preparation in cardinal countries such as merchandise cognition and presentation is paid peculiar attending to because, these would reflect on John Little ‘s client service ( Robinsons 2009 ) . The approaching critical ratings of Mezirow ‘s instrumental acquisition and Kolb ‘s acquisition manners will help in analyzing the attack used by John Little ‘s direction during the initiation semen preparation plan for new employees. In my sentiment, these two theories implemented together during a learning episode, can supply effectual acquisition for grownups.Mezirow ‘s Instrumental LearningInstrumental acquisition happens when one engages in undertaking orientated job work outing as it involves the procedure of larning to pull strings and command the environment or people i.e. , how to make something or how to execute ( Delahaye 2005 ) . In instrumentalA acquisition, one can reflect on the everyday premises or content that guided in the job work outing procedure ( O'Neil & A ; Marsick 2007 ) . Therefore, this signifier of larning allows us to determine alterations ensuing from the acquisition by mensurating behaviors, public presentation or productiveness of employees ( Delahaye 2005 ) . Mezirow ( 1981 ) further emphasized that instrumental acquisition, at all times, involves anticipations about discernible actions either societal or physical, which can turn out to be wrong or right ( Mezirow 1981 ) . Therefore, empirical grounds is used in instrumental acquisition to guarantee that the implicit in premises are right ( O'Neil & A ; Marsick 2007 ) . Instrumental acquisition is apparent in two domains of activity, viz. ; procedural preparation and empirical research ( Delahaye 2005 ) . As noted by Nonaka & A ; Takeuchi ( cited in Delahaye 2005 ) , procedural preparation is the cardinal supplier to knowledge coevals and as such is indispensable in any organisation as it ensures that cognition is widely disseminated. Learning through undertaking orientated job work outing and finding the cause and consequence relationships are constituents of empirical research ( Delahaye 2005 ) . The rules of grownup larning preponderantly shaped the apprehension of Mezirow ‘s instrumental acquisition. A figure of research workers have identified these rules to be viz. ; get downing with the known, preparedness to larn, portion acquisition, spaced acquisition, active acquisition, over-learning, multiple sense acquisition, feedback, meaningful stuff and transportation of larning ( Delahaye 2005 ) . These rules will be discussed in the extroverted paragraphs. Any signifier of larning episode should get down with the basic thought or the scholar ‘s current degree of cognition as this AIDSs in acquisition and in such instances, the larning nonsubjective becomes easier to grok. Thorndike ‘s Law of Readiness ( cited in Delahaye 2005 ) , emphasizes that the larning experience of an person would be more enriching if the person is ready to larn. Part acquisition and spaced acquisition are used jointly within the larning context. Part larning emphasiss that larning stuffs should be separated into reasonably even sized pieces before being presented to the scholar. Miller ( cited in Delahaye 2005 ) named this procedure as ‘chunking ‘ . The construct of separated acquisition asserts the fact that clip intervals should be allowed between the balls to ease acquisition. As suggested by Delahaye and Smith ( cited in Delahaye 2005 ) , active acquisition involves the use of an activity to reenforce the predating ball of information. McGehee and Thayer ( cited in Delahaye 2005 ) pointed out that over-learning is basically the repeat of undertaking or stuff. This occurs when an single patterns until the stuff is mastered. The term multi sense larning speaks for itself. Feedback and meaningful stuff are critical in the acquisition procedure. Learning is transferred to the working state of affairs given the instance that the acquisition and public presentation state of affairss are similar ( Delahaye 2005 ) . For illustration, transportation of larning occurs when the exact equipment and working stuffs are utilised during the learning procedure.Kolb ‘s Learning StylesMezirow ‘s theory focused on the use and control of environment or people. Kolb, on the other manus focused specifically on persons ‘ acquisition manners. His theory will be used to complement Mezirow ‘s theory for the intent of this essay. Kolb ‘s acquisition manners were developed upon the theoretical account of experiential acquisition ( Erdem 2009 ) . The theoretical account symbolizes larning in a cyclic construction, ‘namely having ( perceptual experience ) and transforming ( treating ) information ‘ ( Kolb, cited in Erdem 2009, p. 156 ) . It is believed that the four acquisition manners consisted of two dimensi ons. The â€Å" feeling † class is related with the concrete experience whereas the â€Å" thought † class is related with the abstract conceptualisation of the perceiving dimension ( Loo 2004 ) . The â€Å" making † class is related with the active experimentation of the processing dimension whereas the â€Å" observation † class is related with the brooding observation dimension ( Loo 2004 ) . As such, the four different manners of larning classified under Kolb ‘s theory are viz. ; divergers, learners, convergers and obligers. He farther suggested that scholars may follow different manners in changing state of affairss as the preferable manners merely mirrors a inclination ( Kolb, cited in de Jesus, Almeida & A ; Watts 2004 ) . They have a leaning to favor some manner of larning over others. Divergers are skilled in originative imaginativeness as opposed to convergers ( Erdem 2009 ) . They prefer multi directional information assemblage ( Erdem 2009 ) . They are besides cognizant of values, significance and are interested in people ( Delahaye 2005 ) . Learners are extremely skilled in making theoretical theoretical accounts that assemble changing observations into one definition ( Erdem 2009 ) . They are more concerned with constructs and thoughts instead than people ( Delahaye 2005 ) . Convergers emphasise the practical application of thoughts and map best in individual solution state of affairss ( Delahaye 2005 ) . They prefer to cover with proficient jobs instead than interpersonal and societal issues ( Erdem 2009 ) . Obligers are opposites from learners. They like to do programs and implement them ( Erdem 2009 ) . Furthermore, they seek chances, take hazards and are action orientated ( Delahaye 2005 ) . Therefore, they are perceived to prefer teamwork. The restrictions in Kolb ‘s acquisition manners must besides be discussed to measure the failing in Kolb ‘s theory. Garner ( 2000 ) stated that Kolb ‘s theory was frequently questioned about its cogency and dependability and this was due to its hapless theoretical foundations. Furthermore, he besides mentioned that Tyler ‘s ‘possibility processing ‘ ( cited in Garner 2000, p. 345 ) was used as a justification for the stability of his theory. Tyler ‘s original work which emphasized single differences was missing in Kolb ‘s theory as Kolb has categorized scholars into groups ( Garner 2000 ) . Furthermore, confusion and finally a misinterpretation was created as to whether Kolb is reasoning for larning manners that are flexible or inflexible ( Garner 2000 ) .Induction cum Training plan at John LittleThe aforesaid theories will be applied to a existent life experience with the aim of showing the transportation between theoretical and organi sational acquisition. This treatment will concentrate on the design and execution phase of the HRD procedure. Mezirow ‘s instrumental acquisition will be applied to the design and execution phase whereas Kolb ‘s acquisition manners will be focused on the design phase. Harmonizing to Delahaye ( 2005 ) , the design phase in any HRD procedure is defined such that all facets of grownup larning coalesce when planing the acquisition experience. He besides stated that it is indispensable for the human resource developer to hold accomplishments to use the appropriate acquisition schemes in the execution phase ( Delahaye 2005 ) . As noted, initiation and preparation are two different facets of an HRD plan. John small combined these two facets into a individual session plan. This session had employees from different age groups, runing from adolescents to the middle-aged. The initiation session for the new gross revenues associates started off with a brief debut about John Little. This basically covered the history of the organisation, values, policies and mission. Following which, the facilitator went on to speak about work civilization, personal presentation, occupation duties and familiarization of each section and what was expected of the employees. Everyone was given a interruption after which, the preparation session commenced instantly. The acquisition stuffs that were presented to the employees seemed hard to grok, particularly so, for the middle-aged employees. It consisted of many pages of processs, which was written in complex English. The intent of John Little ‘s preparation session was to develop and steer the new employees in runing the hard currency registries and to supply client service. Training was conducted with the assistance of a power point presentation which finally, ended up being a one manner communicating as the facilitator did n't try to prosecute the audience. Furthermore, while the session was on-going, the employees were expected to mention to the manual for farther elucidation without farther advice. It was noted that all the employees who were recruited during that period, were undergoing the same preparation session irrespective of their single occupation duty. At the terminal of the twenty-four hours, after the talk manner preparation session, each employee was allowed 15 proceedingss of hands-on session with the hard currency registry. The hands-on session, guided by the facilitator was meant to be an advantage in the preparation session but as there was merely one hard currency registry to work on, each employee had to wait in line for their single hands-on session. On the 2nd twenty-four hours, we were introduced to our single section supervisor and were given a floor circuit of our existent on the job country. Thereafter, we were instantly asked to get down work on the topographic point. Overall, the initiation semen preparation session was conducted over a one and a half twenty-four hours period.Critical Analysis and Evaluation of Induction cum Training planThe accomplishments and cognition gained from the initiation semen developing plan should help John Little in presenting and continuing its current quality of client service. However, this was non the instance as there were bugs in its design and execution. Therefore, the grownup larning procedure was hindered. The extroverted treatment will further lucubrate on the failing in the design and execution of this plan. As per Mezirow ‘s instrumental acquisition, John Little was right in showing a brief debut to the organisation. This would hold instilled basic cognition of the organisation for the employees. However, John Little did non measure the employee ‘s competency degree in orienting the plan. Employees from really different demographics were given the same type of preparation. This may do the slow scholar to face troubles in maintaining gait with others and therefore may halter their acquisition procedure. If I was the HRD director, I would hold grouped the recruits harmonizing to their age group and have had a self debut semen ice ledgeman session. This would hold eased any uneasiness amongst older employees if they were slow scholars. This will besides promote them to inquire more inquiries which will take them to larn more than if they were grouped with adolescents who nowadays are by and large better read and good versed with retail civilization. I would hold besides given press releases in simple English and more hands-on session as this escalates the understanding procedure greatly instead than talks. As established earlier, the recruits were non introduced to the present staff in their assigned sections. As portion of the ice ledgeman session, I would hold introduced the supervisor and all the staffs under the single sections to the new employees. John Little has assorted sections with five to six senior employees in each section. The debut should be done during the initiation session to do the employees feel at easiness and mix with their hereafter co-workers. The intent of initiation is to acquire good acquainted with the work environment, the organisation ‘s civilization, the people and the procedures whilst the intent of developing harmonizing to Mathis and Jackson ( 2007 ) is to supply employees with specific accomplishments and identifiable cognition for usage in their present occupations and is defined as the procedure whereby employees get capablenesss to execute their occupations. Both initiation and preparation should hold been conducted individually because both have a different intent. I would hold conducted the full plan over a three twenty-four hours period. Induction would be done over two yearss and preparation would take up one twenty-four hours. It is advisable to carry on the session in parts as this will enable the participants to absorb and retain more information instead than holding a concentrated plan. In add-on, the frequence of interruptions during such Sessionss should be high. It is apparent that John Little ‘s human resource developer did non take into consideration the ample handiness of resource, which in kernel, is clip. Everything was packed together and therefore the transportation of larning would non hold been successful. The larning stuff consisted of a thick employee enchiridion in complex English which may non hold been suited for all recruits. Grasping information would hold been much easier if the enchiridion had been split into its assorted subdivisions with a more images instead than merely apparent words. As it has been said, a image speaks a 1000 words. Such ocular AIDSs enhance grownup acquisition and it would hold enabled the participants to link more easy with the power-point presentation. And alternatively of merely enchiridions, I would hold besides incorporated worksheets to measure and measure the participants apprehension of the preparation. This will enable me to put the recruits in sections best suited for their ability and aptitude. There was merely one hard currency registry available for hands-on session for the full batch of participants which resulted in everyone hardly holding 15 proceedingss on it. While waiting for their bend, there is a possibility that some of the information could hold been forgotten or they may experience ignored. It would hold been more productive if a brace of participants had one hard currency registry to themselves for the hands-on session. Furthermore, I would press every brace to prosecute in replying each others ‘ questions and acquiring constructive feedback from the trainer. This sort of active acquisition will enable them to retain information and liven up the acquisition procedure. The constructive feedback on advancement of the participants will ease them to recognize their failings and work on it. Motivational words used by the trainer can promote participants to execute beyond their occupation range which is sorely missing in today ‘s service industry in Sing apore. Alternatively, to get the better of this barrier that hinders the acquisition procedure, John Little should carry on specialized preparation for operation of hard currency registries. Time dedicated specifically for hands-on preparation better enables larning to take topographic point as repeat occurs. This should be accompanied by a supervisor who could help and supply feedback. The importance of feedback in the acquisition procedure can non be emphasized more as it completes the cringle in the learning rhythm. All participants were grouped together even though they had different occupation Scopess. An ideal state of affairs would be to group them harmonizing to occupation range and seamster customized preparation Sessionss to run into their acquisition demands. This will heighten acquisition as the session would be more meaningful and relevant to them. Alternatively of acquiring employees to get down work instantly and independently after a mere one and a half yearss of initiation and preparation, they should be tasked to alternate an experient senior employee. Designating a manager or a supervisor in this instance, provides a point of mention to new employees should they hold any questions or uncertainties. This once more, links back to constructive feedback on the portion of the manager. New employees are expected to execute up to outlook on the really first twenty-four hours of work. It is apprehensible that worlds make errors particularly so, when the preparation session was non conducted proper. It is besides improper of the employee to transport around the enchiridion until they have mastered a peculiar accomplishment or undertaking as it would do the feel incapable and unprofessional and will relect severely on John Little. As such, understudying and larning through feedback and active acquisition is indispensable in the acq uisition procedure as it recalls attending. As mentioned earlier, Kolb has identified four different larning manners of persons. Each manner of acquisition has to be accommodated for, during the design of the initiation and preparation plan. It is of import to observe that in any group, it is likely that there will be a mixture of larning penchants and this mixture could cover the four acquisition manners ( Delahaye 2005 ) . Since learners are able to cover with brawny sums of information and have the ability in organizing these information logically the structured technique as mentioned above can be used to profit them. The undermentioned unstructured larning schemes should be taken into consideration whilst planing the plan. Group larning or group exercisings should be implemented to further heighten larning by utilizing instance surveies and scenarios. Since effectual handling of clients is indispensable in client service and no 1 homo is heterogenous, scenarios and instance surveies would use creativity to get at an reply. Such exercisings would profit scholars who are divergers. Experiential acquisition in the signifier of larning instruments, where hands-on acquisition was conducted with the hard currency registries would profit obligers.DecisionThe aforesaid critical rating of the HRD literature clearly aided me in analysing the larning procedure of an grownup. Mezirow ‘s instrumental acquisition was focused on the control and use of the environment or people whereas Kolb ‘s acquisition manners was centred on persons ‘ acquisition manners. For the intent of this essay, Kolb à ¢â‚¬Ëœs theory was used to complement Mezirow ‘s theory as both theories are indispensable to the grownup larning procedure. These theories were applied to John Little ‘s initiation semen preparation plan. The failings in the plan were identified to be within the design and execution constituents. As a acquisition intercession was applied, I was able to rectify the failing by proposing effectual larning techniques that were associated with portion acquisition, spaced acquisition, active acquisition, feedback, intending stuff and transportation of larning. With the known fact that heterogenous persons have different acquisition manners in head, activities based on Kolb ‘s acquisition manners were recommended to ease acquisition. This essay assisted me to use HRD literature to a existent life larning experience and has proved to be good to my-self acquisition as good. ( 3039 words )

Human Services Essay

Human Services help provide essential resources for those in need. Dedication by advocates and human services workers help assist a wide range of social needs. Areas of focus are mental/physical control, self-sufficiency, and rehabilitation. The professionals that make up the human services industry are unique, their passionate about helping others. When working with clients it’s important to gain trust and relationship building is a must. Familiarity will help produce everlasting bonds and increase overall client progression. I am passionate about raising the awareness and help prevent the revolving door of men going in and out of prison. The picture is very predictable as it is distressing about the revolving door of men going to prison. Once these men leave prison they come home with few new positive or marketable skills and more bad habits than they had before they went to prison. They have little supervision, which will show encouragement to these men that someone will hold them accountable to make sure they are during what they are suppose to be doing. These men have a hard time finding gainful employment that they can take care of themselves. As a result, they fall back into the same behaviors that sent them to prison in the first place. Rather we believe this or not, the prison system is not to rehabilitate people, it is there to punish people for braking laws. All of this leads to high rates of recidivism and a virtual revolving door, with people going back into prison almost as fast as they leave it. Be able to be a good advocate you have to be able informed those who don’t really know what it is you stand for. As an advocate about the resolving doors of prison I have to be able to present facts about why this happening to these men and what it is I can do to help slow down this ongoing crisis. For example, it is a known fact that every year that over 50% of every person that is release from prison will either catch a new case or return back to prison in Missouri. The reason this is happening at a rapid rate here in Missouri is because there is not a lot of programs on the state level to help those who are being release to help with job opportunities, educational programs besides retaining a GED if you don’t have one, but after that a person has to make a decision on their own if they wish to further their education. So as an advocate of stopping the resolving doors, I will give the facts to those individuals that their chances of just making it on GED are slim to none. An advocate has to be proactive in what they believe in to get the results that will help those who they believe in.

Oglala Essays

Oglala Essays Oglala Essay Oglala Essay Oglala The first few chapters that were assigned for Monday painted a picture of an Indian society that has been influenced by a white majority in a negative way. Like the Bedouins Stories book, Oglala Women shows the change from tradition to modernization. The colonization of the west has ruined tradition in the Oglala culture, not to mention every other Indian culture in the US. This cannot be changed, this is forever. Reservation life is the major factor for corrupting the Lakota and Oglalas. When the whites forced Indians to live on reservations such as Pine Ridge, their lifestyles changed completely. I believe this is one of the biggest reasons why tradition is no longer prevalent in many Indian tribes today. Living on a reservation is like living in another country within a country. The Indians are forced to live by our government, but at the same time live off their own government. Powers? description of ?the compound? was eerie to me. First off describing a indian, tradition, oglala, women, way, reservation, off, live, indians, government, first, tribes, time, really, one, modernization, living, last, lakota, forced, culture, country, compound, changed, change, back, another, wrong, within, whites, white, west, waco, unique, tricky

buy custom University Education essay

buy custom University Education essay People have always disagreed on the importance and relevance of university education. Some people argue that this education had meaning in the past, but it has lost meaning in the recent years. Those against tertiary education say that the education exposes students to unfair competition, which may discourage the students, who are bright. Others believe that the world is evolving and that a different system of education should be introduced. However, the fact remains that this education is particularly vital since the learners learn a lot from it. It exposes students to a different world from which they used to know. This exposure helps them to become self reliant, and it prepares them for future life. This education also enables them to choose their careers, which they rely on in their whole life. Discussion Secondary students should not view university as only a different level in the learning process. Rather, they should consider it as a component of human development, which is valuable. Tertiary education does not only provide skills, required in the labor market, at a higher level. University education provides essential training for doctors, lawyers, nurses, engineers, civil servants, humanists, scientists, entrepreneurs, social scientists, and other relevant personnel. The mentioned individuals provide necessary analytical skills that help in driving the economies. They also make certain vital decisions within the society. In todays world, people should have the necessary education given the effects of globalization, importance of knowledge to sphere head growth, and the revolution regarding Information, Communication Technology (ICT) revolution. The demand for educated labour is being reconfigured by technology, KPDS DS A + PLUS English's. We all know that gaining knowledge and applying that knowledge in the field is necessary for economic development. Without knowledge, a country would suffer from lack of competitive advantage, which is essential for any global economy. It is also appealing that access to computers has become easy. The cost of telecommunication has also gone down, hence affordable to many. People, therefore, should not give any excuse for not accessing university education, and acquiring skills. A World Bank study, done recently, indicates that a world economy, which is inclusive, can be created though growth and poverty eradication. This can only be possible if many people agreed to acquire higher education by joining colleges and universities and colleges of higher learning. This study took place in two developing countries, which integrated themselves into the global economy. These countries having participated in higher learning, experienced reduced poverty, improved health services, improved economic growth, increase the average wage, increased Growth Domestic Product (GDP). These countries recorded the highest education levels in world rankings. Studies also show that tertiary education helps to promote social cohesion, which is necessary for economic growth and development. The education plays a role in institutions building, bringing up favorable governance structures and constructing proper regulatory frameworks. A person will not have a comfortable life without a g ood education, which many consider, to be university education (Newton, 2002). University education can be said to be a requirement, which is unique to make life comfortable. It may not be a basic requirement, but given the current competition, one should have it to lead a comfortable life. In this case, we can say that higher education should include both college and university education. With tertiary education, an individual can secure himself a decent job. Obtaining a post secondary Credential qualifications are tightly correlated with earnings, said David Autor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). With a good job, it means one will be earning a reasonable salary, which will make him afford the necessities in life as well as the luxuries. People who have attended a university tend to gain skills that help them when they leave school. They become more mature than those who are secondary school dropouts, perhaps because of the life they lead while at the campus. The many assignments and research work given to them also play a vital role in shaping th eir lives. They are able to research on their own without the help of a teacher, and this helps them to become knowledgeable. University education, for example, helps people to improve their social status by improving job prospects. Some other people attend a university, to develop their character and knowledge, which they did not have previously. This leads to self-improvement. In the university, individuals are able to specialize, say sciences or even arts. These areas are further specialized into specific areas. For example, a person can go to a university with an aim of studying science. He may further specialize be picking a unit such as Biology, and that becomes his area of specialization. Earning a title such as a doctor, a teacher or any other title makes some people feel proud ofthemselves. This gives them a respectable social status. Some other individuals go for higher learning, simply to help humankind, having gained enough knowledge. These are the people, whose certain careers make their passion. Some other individuals will dedicate their lives to doing research at the university. This research helps them to come up with things not known initially. For example, a researcher may come up with a cure for a deadly disease such as Aids after doing research. An individual can view the word in a rational manner by gaining tertiary education. Ignorance becomes eliminated through higher education and many mysteries get resolved also through education. Once an individual gets university education, he can see the facts that are there in life. It is crucial to note that it is not all individuals, who are lucky enough to have tertiary education. Such people should get online tertiary education, which currently available. Distance learning is also an option to those people who want to pursue tertiary education. Through the advancement of technology, many colleges and universities offer various course online and, in fact, many people can access them so long as they have access to the internet. The world today is constantly changing, and a lot will be expected from the citizens since world demands have also increased. People should not feel that they spend a lot on education since money cannot be compared with what we get through education. The course is a lifetime thing, and with tertiary education, people can be capable of taking home more money than if they did not get the education. Competition is also a challenge. Nowadays almost everyone from secondary school is joining either a college or a university. Without either of education, an individual will not be able to compete competitively with other people (Fabbris, 2009). With a higher education, a person will get a decent job, hence considerable money. In an educational meeting at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Thomas Malone said, Many students are now enrolling for higher education. University education enables people to increase their earning potential. For example, a judge earns much money and cannot be compared with an individual who did not receive tertiary education. Earning money, in deed, is the basic thing as to why people prefer to go to a tertiary school. All of us would love to be employed some day in a strong position where they will be earning some large sum of money. Was it not for money many people would not attend tertiary schools; leaving a lone primary and secondary schools. Students who have never paid bill may never know how powerful money is, but their parents should take the responsibility to explain to them. However, money should not be the sole motivator when it comes to choosing careers. We should go to the field tha t we love most, and that way we would become proficient, efficient, and reliable employees or workers (Eugene Holsworth 2010). University education is also beneficial as it helps individuals to have the best insurance. Insurance in this case means that one will have a competitive edge as compared to those who did not attend a tertiary school. The best employments opportunities always go to those will higher education, such as college or university education. In the job advertisements, which we see in the newspapers or on the internet, they always ask for such qualifications. Therefore, if one does not have such qualifications, as required by the company, he does not get the job opportunity. Nowadays, employers want employees who have rounded skills and qualifications. In fact, currently skills prevail over experience. Tertiary education exposes students to several principles and ideas, and this exposure is what employers want when undergoing the recruitment process. Once a person gets tertiary education, he gains confidence, and especially, self-confidence. Students with this education, and who have gained self-confidence tend to believe in themselves, and prove more efficient in their work. This confidence helps them at both the personal level, as well as the professional level. A person with confidence will be able to get out there, and look for a job. Such a person will also be able to do other thorough job when given the chance. Companies are nowadays looking for employees who will do work with little supervision. Such a person must have self confidence. Tertiary education is, therefore, necessary. When an individual proves that he has confidence, the company will automatically pick him, and retain him in that job through giving him right remuneration. According to Washburn, 2005, University learning is the best way to prepare students to flourish in a globalized world. Students outlook becomes improved when a person attends a university or a college. Apart from receiving the degree, an individual leaves university with characters that are crucial in day to day activities. For example, most university alumni are able to relate with their job colleagues because of the exposure given to them while at the university. In the university, they meeet people from different countries, regions, and people with different background and culture. Within the four years at the university, they learn how to cope with these diverse groups of people. Virtues such as honesty, compassion, empathy, and sympathy get acquired while in the college or at the university. Individuals who posses these virtues are always able to relate with other people, hence advantageous relations in the workplace or elsewhere. An important point to note is that university education should be given to both men and women. Now that, women have understood the role of education, nowadays they are joining even courses such as Engineering, previously associated with men. According to Chronicle of higher education, A university education is still a prerequisite for entering some of the great guilds, such as medicine and law. We also have women who are politicians, prime ministers, computer scientist, among others. When women receive university education they become helpful people in the society. They become able to provide for the family lightening the burden on their husbands. Women who have acquired university education are usually self-reliant. They can make their own decisions and are able to fight for their rights, since they know them. This leads to women empowerment. When everyone gets a chance to receive higher education, the society shall become a changed one because people will not be ignorant. The fight against social inequalities that exist in society is only possible through the achievement of equality in access to higher education. University education is practical in most countries. The practical nature of education exposes students to real life issues, which they learn how to handle themselves. Access to university education should not be based on cost. Some students are bright, but they end up not accessing the education because of its affordability. Some people view this as discrimination. To study in a reputable university such as Harvard University, one must invest a lot of money in education. This money is not always available especially to the poor. This leads to wasting a potential student, who would have become a key person in the future. Governments should get measures to ensure that whoever gets university entry qualification, in deed, joins a university of his choice. The governments should find a way of subsidizing education in such institutions. One of the ways to solve the problem of cost is to set up such institutions in almost each continent and review the criteria for admission in to such institutions. For example, loans, which are refundable after getting a job, should be offered to the needy students. The governments should fund the public universities to ensure that students get admission without straining their parents so much. Conclusion It is noteworthy that individuals understand the importance of this education even though some people argue that university education is not necessary. The education can termed as expensive, but the benefits reaped after the four years cannot be compared with the fees paid to acquire the university degree. From the discussion above, it is crystal clear that a person cannot secure formal employment opportunities without either college education or university education. All the companies look for skills and knowledge, which can only be acquired through joining an institute of higher learning. University education also shapes individuals by making them responsible people. Once a nation gets responsible individuals, growth and development of such a nation becomes positive. The level of unemployment drops and the level poverty goes down, as well. When people get a university education, they rarely engage in criminal activities. Reduction of crime rate is helpful in encouraging investment, in a country.This is because the investors will not be insecure fearing that their businesses may be robbed leading to losses. University education should be open to all people; the poor and the rich, the old and the young, and men and women. All people have equal capabilities in terms of learning. The researcher also established that some poor people are not able to access university or college education because of the high costs involved. The government, therefore, should fund the public universities. Poor, bright students should be given scholarships by the government and private bodies. This would help to ensure education to everyone. For the average income earners who also find that university education is expensive, they should enroll for online programs, which are a bit cheaper as compared to regular classes. The advancing technology and global changes mean that higher education to students should be emphasized. Computers are changing day after day and now that their use is everywhere; in the hospitals, offices, schools, among other places, people need university education to operate such machines. Research also needs to be done, and for an individual to research on something, he must have higher education, especially from a recognized university. The importance of university education ought to be emphasized to everyone. Buy custom University Education essay